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Version 1.3 – Updated November 2024

Procrastination

Overview

  • Influence: Procrastination
  • Domain: Student
  • Sub-Domain: Emotions
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Likely to have a negative impact
  • Influence Definition: Procrastination is the act of delaying or postponing a task or set of tasks.

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 3
  • Number of studies: 128
  • Number of students: 25,187
  • Number of effects: 128
  • Weighted mean effect size: -0.41
  • Robustness index: 3

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Psychological Bulletin Steel Canada The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. 2007 Procrastination on achievement 41 0 41 -0.39
International Journal of Educational Methodology Akpur Turkey The Effect of Procrastination on Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis Study. 2020 Procrastination on achievement 22 8,307 22 -0.61
Journal of Educational Psychology Schwinger, Trautner, Pütz, Fabianek, Lemmer, Lauermann, & Wirthwein Germany Why do students use strategies that hurt their chances of academic success? A meta-analysis of antecedents of academic self-handicapping. 2021 Procrastination on achievement 65 16,880 65 -0.35
TOTAL/AVERAGE 128 25,187 128 -0.45
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