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Version 1.3 – Updated November 2024

Growth vs. fixed mindsets

Overview

  • Influence: Growth vs. fixed mindsets
  • Domain: Student
  • Sub-Domain: Perseverance and confidence
  • Potential to Accelerate Student Achievement: Likely to have a small positive impact

Evidence

  • Number of meta-analyses: 7
  • Number of studies: 441
  • Number of students: 960,981
  • Number of effects: 738
  • Weighted mean effect size: 0.16
  • Robustness index: 4

Meta-Analyses

Meta-Analyses
Journal Title Author First Author's Country Article Name Year Published Variable Number of Studies Number of Students Number of Effects Effect Size
Psychological Bulletin Burnette, O'Boyle, van Epps, Pollack & Finkel USA Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation 2013 Incremental vs. entity thinking 85 28,217 113 0.19
Psychological Science Sisk, Burgoyne, Sun, Butler, & Macnamara USA To What Extent and Under Which Circumstances Are Growth Mind-Sets Important to Academic Achievement? Two Meta-Analyses 2018 Growth mindsets 123 365,915 273 0.20
Psychological Science Sisk, Burgoyne, Sun, Butler, & Macnamara USA To What Extent and Under Which Circumstances Are Growth Mind-Sets Important to Academic Achievement? Two Meta-Analyses 2018 Growth mindsets interventions 29 57,155 43 0.08
Frontiers in Psychology Costa & Faria Portugal Implicit theories of intelligence and academic achievement: A meta-analysis 2018 Incremental vs. entity thinking 46 412,022 94 0.14
Pedagogical Research Seo Korea A meta-analysis of the relationship between grit and related variables. 2019 Growth mindsets 42 0 42 0.28
Psychological Bulletin Burnette, Billingsley, Banks, Knouse, Hoyt, Pollack, & Simon USA A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions: For whom, how, and why might such interventions work? 2022 Growth mindsets 53 0 110 0.09
Psychological Bulletin Macnamara & Burgoyne USA Do Growth Mindset Interventions Impact Students' Academic Achievement? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With Recommendations for Best Practices. 2022 Growth mindsets 63 97,672 63 0.05
TOTAL/AVERAGE 441 960,981 738 0.15
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